In advanced kidney disease, your doctor may recommend further changes to your diet. “High potassium and phosphorus are more common with lower levels of kidney function,” says Dr. Vassalotti.
The changes can seem tricky, because these minerals are found in so many healthy ingredients. Fruits and vegetables are natural sources of potassium. Dairy, poultry, and legumes are dietary sources of phosphorus. These foods are still considered healthy for someone with diabetic kidney disease.
Yang says that the best way to reduce your mineral intake is to pass on highly-processed foods, which can be dense sources of potassium, phosphorus, and sodium. Even with advanced CKD, it’s important to favor whole foods like fruits, vegetables, and plant-based proteins.
If you’re being treated with dialysis, your diet will change once again. Suddenly, your doctor may ask you to eat extra protein, as some types of dialysis can cause protein loss, Vassalotti says. The best protein intake for you may also be affected by other factors like age, because adequate protein intake is needed to preserve muscle. You may also need to drink less fluid to lower the stress on your kidneys and heart.
Following a personalized diet is the best way to ensure that you’re getting the nutrients you need while limiting others for your kidney health, all while managing your diabetes and blood sugar. “I recommend that patients see a registered dietitian,” says Vassalotti. “They’re very underutilized, but very helpful.”
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