You may have heard the story about how Gatorade got its start. Back in 1965, an assistant football coach at the University of Florida wondered why his team’s players were always so affected by the heat, developing cramps and nausea or ending up totally sapped of energy after a game. When he asked school scientists for their thoughts, they surprised him with their answer. It wasn’t just because the players had been attempting superhuman feats in the sweltering sun. Instead, they said, the fatigue was due to the electrolytes (primarily sodium and potassium) they were losing as they worked out on the field.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e597629b4b1cff0-2633-4f9f-9fac-66c3ec375831 Their famous research into how to address this problem led to the emergence of what’s now known as Gatorade, named after the university’s sports team. If you’re going through a rough, hot day yourself, you might think of this story and reach for a Gatorade to cool down. But it’s important to distinguish marketing hype from science — especially if you already have elevated levels of potassium in your blood.
Defining Potassium What Is Potassium? Potassium is a positively charged ion that circulates in the blood. It is a mineral and a type of electrolyte that is needed for your cells to function normally.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e59762930c78446-4682-4435-800a-ab233c8c76af The concentration of potassium on either side of the membrane of a neuron, or nerve cell, must fall within a very narrow range or the nerve won’t fire.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e5976291e027cc1-8c2d-496d-a638-b27b701ce613 The body regulates potassium to keep it within a healthy range. Your kidneys remove the excess, which is excreted through your urine. In healthy individuals, potassium levels stay relatively constant because of this kidney function, regardless of how much Gatorade they drink.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e597629893beea3-29de-42a6-bb16-53bd7a28cbc6
Potassium Sources Sources of Potassium Potassium is everywhere in the food supply. Even ordinary tap water has potassium in it. At the same time, potassium deficiencies can be found in people who are malnourished, those who live with medical issues like inflammatory bowel disease, and those who take laxatives or diuretics. e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e59762919dd1d64-b41f-41ac-b3cf-c753f440da44 Athletes playing in the hot sun wouldn’t have a lasting potassium deficiency because their potassium levels would eventually equilibrate once they stopped sweating. A 20-ounce (oz) bottle of the classic lemon-lime Gatorade has 80 milligrams (mg) of potassium. e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e5976290b7b1a27-a93c-48eb-8172-152688d13e9c For healthy individuals, this is a relatively small amount to consume.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e59762959603d5b-2167-49a7-af5b-e387f2f076cf
Special Situations Special Situations Patients with advanced kidney disease are often unable to remove excess potassium from their blood. This is dangerous because elevated potassium levels cause irregular heartbeats and heart attacks. While individual recommendations vary between patients, nephrologists generally recommend that adults with high potassium levels limit their intake to between 2,000 and 3,000 mg of potassium per day.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e597629b6d685a6-8ac4-4905-b53c-a0793628cb65 Drinking the occasional bottle of Gatorade fits within this recommendation, but if you live with this condition, you need to speak to your nephrologist about exactly how much you can consume. The regular version is not necessarily the best choice for people with kidney issues, for whom its sugar, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium could be problematic, especially in high doses. e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e597629205c72d1-d946-4e20-aa72-64a37c0c936b As with all things, moderation is key.e60dc2a1-f33c-4a05-9b50-8e3e8e59762937ae727c-b8ec-4264-9bff-6637ae821366 The Takeaway Proper hydration is essential for athletes to maintain their electrolyte balance, which includes important nutrients like sodium and potassium. While Gatorade is designed to replenish electrolytes, individuals with healthy kidneys typically maintain safe potassium levels regardless of Gatorade consumption. If you live with kidney disease or high potassium levels, consult your healthcare provider before consuming Gatorade because managing these conditions requires attention to your potassium intake. Always prioritize moderation and consider comprehensive nutritional sources for potassium, especially if you have underlying health conditions that affect electrolyte levels.
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