How Is Bipolar Disorder Diagnosed?
Bipolar disorder was officially known as manic depression until the 1980s, when mental health professionals changed the name of the illness in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which is the guide that mental health professionals use to assist in diagnosis.
They felt the term “bipolar disorder” more accurately described the condition and its symptoms, according to previous research. Some also contend that the older term carries a stigma in popular culture, and that both “manic” and “depression” are now used to describe everyday feelings and emotions. As a result, bipolar disorder is now the preferred term and the one that healthcare professionals use in diagnosis.
That said, it can be difficult to recognize the extent to which mood swings affect your quality of life, which is important information for diagnosis.
The Mayo Clinic notes that some people with manic symptoms may enjoy the euphoric feelings and highs of productivity, but the fallout often may have financial, legal, or relationship consequences.
Diagnosis typically involves these components, according to Mayo Clinic:
- A physical exam
- A psychiatric evaluation
- Mood charting, or keeping daily records of your moods and sleep patterns
- Comparing your symptoms with the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR)
Diagnosing Bipolar Disorder in Kids and Teens
In children and teens, symptoms of bipolar disorder may be especially hard to distinguish from normal mood changes and behaviors.
Children and teens in a manic episode may be irritable and short-tempered, have trouble sleeping and staying focused, and engage in risky behaviors, the NIMH states. Those experiencing a depressive episode may also be irritable, have stomachaches and headaches, experience changes in eating habits, have little energy and interest in activities they usually enjoy, or have thoughts about death and suicide, per the NIMH.
Check in with your doctor if your child is having mood swings that seem more severe or significantly different from their usual ups and downs.
Diagnosing Bipolar Disorder in Women
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